PROJECT : RESEARCH [PART 1]

Banjar language is divided into two major dialects; the upper river dialect (Banjar Hulu) and down river dialect (Banjar Kuala). Main differences of the two dialects can be found in phonology and lexicons, although slight difference in syntactic structure can also be noticed. Banjar Hulu has only three vowels, namely /i/ with its long variant /i:/, high back rounded vowel /u:/, and low back vowel /a/. When words contain vowels other than these three vowels, it will be replaced to one of them based on the closeness of height and other quality of the vowels. For example, Banjarese speaker trying to pronounce English word 'logo' will sound like pronouncing the Indonesian word for innocent, 'lugu'. The Indonesian word 'enak' for delicious will be pronounced /inak/. The word 'kemana' (where) will be pronounced even many times spelled 'kamana'. Other distinctive characteristic of Banjar Hulu dialect is that words beginning with a vowel are most likely to be pronounced with an /h/ sound in front of the words. The addition of /h/ sound even can also be noticed in the spelling.


Some of the local banjar people words :

Banjar Hulu	Banjar Kuala	Malaysia
baduhara	bakurinah	dengan sengaja
bibit	jumput/ambil	ambil
bungas/langkar	mulik/baik rupa	cantik
caram	calap	tergenang air
canggar	kajung	tegang/ereksi
ampah	mara	arah
banyu hangat	banyu panas	air panas
hangkui	nyaring	nyaring
hagan	gasan	untuk
gani'i	dangani	temani
ma-hurup	ma-nukar	mem-beli
padu/padangan	dapur	dapur
hingkat	kawa	dapat/bisa
pawa	wadah	tempat
himpat/tawak/tukun/hantup	hamput	sambit (lempar)
arai	himung	senang
tiring	lihat	memandang
tingau	lihat	toleh
balalah	bakunjang	bepergian
lingir	tuang	tuang
tuti	tadih/hintadi	tadi
ba-ugah	ba-jauh	men-jauh
macal	nakal	nakal
balai	langgar	surau
tutui	catuk	pukul dengan palu
kadai	warung	warung
kau'	nyawa	kamu
diaku	unda	aku
di sia	di sini	di sini
bat-ku	ampun-ku	punya-ku
ba-cakut	ba-kalahi	berkelahi
ba-cakut	ba-pingkut	berpegangan pada sesuatu
diang	galuh	panggilan anak perempuan
nini laki	kai	kakek
utuh	nanang	panggilan anak lelaki
uma	mama	ibu
puga	anyar	baru
salukut	bakar	bakar
kasalukutan/kamandahan	kagusangan	kebakaran
tajua	ampih	berhenti
acil laki	amang	paman

The numbering order in Banjar Languages :

Bahasa Banjar	Bahasa Malaysia
asa	satu
dua	dua
talu	tiga
ampat	empat
lima	lima
anam	enam
pitu	tujuh
walu	lapan
sanga	sembilan
sapuluh	sepuluh
sawalas	sebelas
pitungwalas	tujuh belas
salikur	dua puluh satu
salawi	dua puluh lima
talungpuluh	tiga puluh
anampuluh	enam puluh
walungpuluh	delapan puluh
sangangpuluh	sembilan puluh
saratus	seratus
tangah dua ratus	seratus lima puluh
saribu	seribu
sajuta	sejuta

Example of one of Banjar Song with Banjar Languages :